Which actions would fall under secondary prevention?

The correct answer focuses on screening for high blood pressure and cancer, which aligns with the principles of secondary prevention. Secondary prevention aims to detect and address diseases early in their progression, significantly improving the chances of successful treatment or management.

Screening tools and methods facilitate the early identification of health issues before symptoms manifest, allowing for timely intervention. For instance, high blood pressure screening can catch hypertension before it leads to complications like heart attack or stroke, while cancer screenings (like mammograms or colonoscopies) can detect malignant changes at an early, more treatable stage. The goal of these screenings is to reduce incidence and mortality from these conditions through early detection and subsequent management, which is the hallmark of secondary prevention strategies.

In contrast, the other options are categorized differently within prevention frameworks. For instance, offering smoking cessation programs and nutritional education is classified under primary prevention, as they aim to prevent diseases from occurring in the first place. Conducting routine vaccinations and immunizations is also primary prevention, intended to prevent disease outbreaks. Providing care for chronic illnesses and disabilities represents tertiary prevention, focusing on managing and mitigating the consequences of established diseases rather than preventing them or identifying them early.